What happens to carbon dioxide levels in the blood due to hypoventilation?

In cases of hypoventilation, the individual breathes at a lower rate or with reduced depth, which results in inadequate ventilation of the lungs. This insufficiency leads to a decreased expulsion of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the body. As CO2 is produced continuously by cellular metabolism, hypoventilation prevents its proper elimination during the respiratory cycle.

Consequently, the level of carbon dioxide in the blood rises, a condition known as hypercapnia. This increase in CO2 can disrupt the body's acid-base balance, leading to respiratory acidosis. The accumulation of CO2 can also stimulate various physiological responses, such as an increased respiratory drive in an attempt to restore normal levels.

Understanding the implications of hypoventilation is crucial for managing patients with respiratory conditions, ensuring that they receive appropriate interventions to correct any potential imbalances and maintain proper gas exchange.