What does "synchronization" mean in the context of mechanical ventilation?

In the context of mechanical ventilation, "synchronization" specifically refers to the coordination between a patient’s spontaneous breathing efforts and the support provided by the ventilator. This means when a patient initiates a breath, the ventilator is designed to respond appropriately, either by delivering additional airflow or by not interfering with the patient’s own efforts to breathe. This synchronization is critical as it helps to promote patient comfort, reduce the work of breathing, and enhance gas exchange.

When the ventilator and the patient are synchronized well, the patient can breathe more naturally, which can decrease the sensation of breathlessness and improve overall ventilation efficiency. This coordination can involve various modes of ventilation that allow the ventilator to detect when the patient is attempting to inhale and to time its assistance accordingly, ensuring that support aligns with the patient's needs.